48(1)For the purposes of paragraph 47 two persons are associated with one another if—U.K.
(a)one of them is a body corporate which is controlled by the other, or
(b)they are bodies corporate under common control.
(2)Two bodies corporate are under common control if both are controlled—
(a)by one person,
(b)by two or more, but fewer than six, individuals, or
(c)by any number of individuals carrying on business in partnership.
(3)For the purposes of this section a body corporate (“H”) is taken to control another body corporate (“B”) if—
(a)H is empowered by statute to control B's activities, or
(b)H is B's holding company within the meaning of section 1159 of and Schedule 6 to the Companies Act 2006.
(4)For the purposes of this section an individual or individuals are taken to control a body corporate (“B”) if the individual or individuals, were they a body corporate, would be B's holding company within the meaning of those provisions.