The Concession Contracts (Scotland) Regulations 2016

CHAPTER 9 S APPLICATIONS TO THE COURT

Duty owed to economic operators [F1 , including those from countries with whom the EU has a relevant international agreement other than the GPA] S

51.—(1) The obligation on a contracting entity to comply with the provisions of these Regulations (except where otherwise specified), and with any [F2 retained EU obligation that is enforceable by virtue of section 4 of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018] in respect of a concession contract falling within the scope of these Regulations, is a duty owed to an economic operator from [F3 the United Kingdom or Gibraltar].

F4 (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F4 (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F4 (3A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F4 (4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F4 (4A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F4 (5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F1 Words in reg. 51 heading inserted (11.6.2021) by The Public Procurement (Agreement on Government Procurement) (Amendment) Regulations 2021 (S.I. 2021/573), regs. 1(1), 7(3)(a)

F2 Words in reg. 51(1) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Public Procurement etc. (EU Exit) (Scotland) (Amendment) Regulations 2020 (S.S.I. 2020/468), regs. 1(2), 8(28)(a)(i) (with sch. paras. 1-5)

F3 Words in reg. 51(1) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Public Procurement etc. (EU Exit) (Scotland) (Amendment) Regulations 2020 (S.S.I. 2020/468), regs. 1(2), 8(28)(a)(ii) (with sch. paras. 1-5)

F4 Reg. 51(2)-(5) omitted (31.12.2021) by virtue of The Public Procurement etc. (EU Exit) (Scotland) (Amendment) Regulations 2020 (S.S.I. 2020/468), regs. 1(4), 9(2) (with sch. paras. 1-5, 10-15)

Commencement Information

I1 Reg. 51 in force at 18.4.2016, see reg. 1(2)

[F5 Duty owed to economic operators from GPA parties S

51A.— (1) The duty owed in accordance with regulation 51(1) (duty owed to economic operators, including those from countries with whom the EU has a relevant international agreement other than the GPA) is a duty owed also to an economic operator from a GPA party, but only where the agreement applies to the procurement concerned.

(2) For the purposes of paragraph (1), the GPA applies to a procurement if—

(a) the procurement may result in the award of a contract of any description; and

(b) at the relevant time—

(i) a GPA party has agreed with the United Kingdom that the GPA shall apply to a contract of that description; and

(ii) the economic operator is from that GPA party.

[F6 (3) In this regulation, “relevant time” means the date on which the contracting entity submitted a concession notice in respect of the concession contract to the UK e-notification service or would have done so if it had been required by these Regulations to do so.]]

Textual Amendments

F5 Reg. 51A inserted (11.6.2021) by The Public Procurement (Agreement on Government Procurement) (Amendment) Regulations 2021 (S.I. 2021/573), regs. 1(1), 7(4)

F6 Reg. 51A(3) substituted (16.8.2021) by The Public Procurement (Agreement on Government Procurement) (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2021 (S.I. 2021/872), regs. 1(1), 7(3)

[F7 Duty owed to economic operators from countries with whom the United Kingdom has an international agreement, other than the GPA S

51B.— (1) The duty owed in accordance with regulation 51(1) (duty owed to economic operators, including from countries with whom the EU has an international agreement other than the GPA) is a duty owed also to an economic operator from a country in respect of which a relevant international trade agreement applies, but only where the agreement applies to the procurement concerned.

(2) For the purposes of paragraph (1), a relevant international trade agreement applies if the procurement is covered by an agreement listed in Schedule 5 (international trade agreements).]

Textual Amendments

F7 Reg. 51B inserted (2.7.2021) by The Public Procurement (International Trade Agreements) (Amendment) Regulations 2021 (S.I. 2021/787), regs. 1(1), 7(2)

Enforcement of duties through the Courts S

52.—(1) A breach of the duty owed in accordance with regulation 51 (duty owed to economic operators) is actionable by any economic operator which, in consequence of the breach suffers, or risks suffering, loss or damage.

(2) Proceedings by an economic operator in respect of a breach of duty referred to in paragraph (1) must be brought in the Sheriff Court or the Court of Session.

(3) Proceedings under this regulation may not be brought unless—

(a) the economic operator bringing the proceedings has informed the contracting entity of—

(i) the breach or apprehended breach of the duty owed to it in accordance with regulation 51 (duty owed to economic operators); and

(ii) of its intention to bring proceedings under this Part in respect of that breach or apprehended breach; and

(b) the proceedings are brought in accordance with paragraph (4).

(4) For the purpose of paragraph (3)(b), proceedings must be brought—

(a) in the case of proceedings seeking an ineffectiveness order (as defined in regulation 55      (ineffectiveness orders))—

(i) if paragraph (5) applies, within 30 days from the relevant date referred to in that paragraph; and

(ii) in any other case, within 6 months from the date of the concession contract being entered into; and

(b) in any other case, within 30 days beginning with the date when the economic operator first knew or ought to have known that grounds for starting the proceedings had arisen unless the court considers that there is a good reason for extending the period within which proceedings may be brought, in which case the court may extend that period up to a maximum of 3 months from that date.

(5) For the purpose of paragraph (4)(a)(i), this paragraph applies if—

(a) the contracting entity has [F8 submitted] a concession contract award notice [F9 to the UK e-notification service] in accordance with regulation 35 ([F10 form and manner of publication of notices]), including reasons for its decision to enter into the concession contract without prior publication of a concession notice, in which case the relevant date is the date of publication of the notice [F11 on the UK e-notification service]; or

(b) the contracting entity has by notice in writing informed all tenderers concerned and all candidates concerned (if any) of its decision in relation to the award of the concession contract and the notice includes the information referred to in regulation 49(2)(b) or (4)(a) (notice of decision to award a concession contract) as the case may be, in which case the relevant date is the date of sending of the notice.

Textual Amendments

F8 Word in reg. 52(5)(a) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Public Procurement etc. (EU Exit) (Scotland) (Amendment) Regulations 2020 (S.S.I. 2020/468), regs. 1(2), 8(29)(a) (with sch. paras. 1-5)

F9 Words in reg. 52(5)(a) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Public Procurement etc. (EU Exit) (Scotland) (Amendment) Regulations 2020 (S.S.I. 2020/468), regs. 1(2), 8(29)(b) (with sch. paras. 1-5)

F10 Words in reg. 52(5)(a) substituted (1.7.2019) by The Public Procurement etc. (Miscellaneous Amendments) (Scotland) Regulations 2019 (S.S.I. 2019/173), regs. 1(2), 3(3)

F11 Words in reg. 52(5)(a) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Public Procurement etc. (EU Exit) (Scotland) (Amendment) Regulations 2020 (S.S.I. 2020/468), regs. 1(2), 8(29)(c) (with sch. paras. 1-5)

Commencement Information

I2 Reg. 52 in force at 18.4.2016, see reg. 1(2)

Automatic suspension of authority power to proceed with concession contract award S

53.  Without prejudice to the application of any relevant standstill period, if proceedings under this Part are served on a contracting entity or concessionaire in relation to a concession contract that has not been entered into, the contracting entity must not enter into the concession contract unless—

(a) the proceedings are determined, discontinued or disposed of; or

(b) the court, by interim order, brings to an end the prohibition.

Commencement Information

I3 Reg. 53 in force at 18.4.2016, see reg. 1(2)

Powers and duties of the court S

54.—(1) Subject to paragraphs (3) and (7), but otherwise without prejudice to any other powers of the court, in proceedings brought under this Part the court—

(a) may by interim order suspend—

(i) the procedure leading to the award of a concession contract; and

(ii) the implementation of any decision or action taken by the contracting entity in the course of following a procedure referred to in paragraph (i); and

(b) if satisfied that a decision or action taken by a contracting entity was in breach of the duty owed under regulation 51 (duty owed to economic operators), may—

(i) order the setting aside of that decision or action;

(ii) order the contracting entity to amend any document; and

(iii) award damages to an economic operator which has suffered loss or damage as a consequence of the breach.

(2) In any interim proceedings under this Part the court may decide not to grant an interim order when the negative consequences of such an order are likely to outweigh the benefits, having regard to the following considerations—

(a) that decisions taken by a contracting entity must be reviewed effectively and, in particular, as rapidly as possible;

(b) the probable consequences of an interim order for all interests likely to be harmed; and

(c) the public interest.

(3) If the court is satisfied that regulation 55(7)(a) (ineffectiveness orders) applies but the second ground for ineffectiveness is not otherwise met, the court must, without prejudice to the other powers of the court, order—

(a) the payment by the contracting entity of a financial penalty; or

(b) the shortening of the duration of the concession contract awarded following the procurement in relation to which the breach occurred.

(4) In determining what order to make under paragraph (3) the court must—

(a) ensure that the order is effective, proportionate and dissuasive; and

(b) have regard to all relevant factors including—

(i) the seriousness of the breach; and

(ii) the behaviour of the contracting entity.

(5) If the court makes an order under paragraph (3)(b) the court must, without prejudice to the other powers of the court, make such other order as the court considers appropriate to address the consequences of the shortening of the duration of the concession contract or on the rights and obligations of the parties to the concession contract.

(6) Before making an order under paragraph (5), the court must have regard to any terms of the concession contract or relating to the rights and obligations of the parties should the duration of the concession contract be shortened.

(7) Subject to paragraph (3) and regulation 55 (ineffectiveness orders) in proceedings under this Part the court does not have power to order any remedy other than an award of damages in respect of a breach of the duty owed under regulation 51 (duty owed to economic operators) if the concession contract in relation to which the breach occurred has been entered into.

(8) Sections 21 and 42 of the Crown Proceedings Act 1947(1) do not apply in proceedings brought under this Part against the Crown.

Commencement Information

I4 Reg. 54 in force at 18.4.2016, see reg. 1(2)

Ineffectiveness orders S

55.—(1) Without prejudice to all rights and obligations in respect of the period leading up to the date of the order, an ineffectiveness order made in relation to a concession contract renders unenforceable all rights and obligations directly arising from the concession contract in respect of the period commencing on the date of the order.

(2) Subject to any order made under regulation 56(1)(b) (powers of the court), obligations rendered unenforceable by an ineffectiveness order made in relation to a concession contract must not be performed by the parties to the concession contract.

(3) Subject to paragraph (4) and regulation 57 (general interest grounds for not making a declaration of ineffectiveness), the court must make an ineffectiveness order if—

(a) the first ground for ineffectiveness referred to in paragraph (5) applies; or

(b) the second ground for ineffectiveness referred to in paragraph (7) applies.

(4) In proceedings under this Part to which regulation 52(4)(b)(powers and duties of the court) applies, the court does not have power to make an ineffectiveness order if the proceedings would be incompetent if the regulation 52(4)(a) applied to the proceedings.

First ground for ineffectiveness

(5) The first ground for ineffectiveness applies if the contracting entity has entered into a concession contract without prior publication of a concession notice [F12 on the UK e-notification service] in circumstances where the concession contract was not exempt from the requirement for prior publication of a concession notice.

(6) The first ground for ineffectiveness does not apply if—

[F13 (a) the contracting authority submitted to the UK e-notification service for publication a voluntary ex ante transparency notice expressing its intention to enter into the contract or to conclude the framework agreement and containing—

(i) the name and contact details of the contracting authority,

(ii) a description of the object of the contract or framework agreement,

(iii) a justification of the decision of the contracting authority to award the contract or conclude the framework agreement without prior publication of a contract notice,

(iv) the name and contact details of the economic operator to be awarded the contract or to become party to the framework agreement, and

(v) any other information which the contracting authority considered useful, and]

(b) the contracting entity allowed a period of at least 10 days to elapse between the date of publication [F14 on the UK e-notification service] of the notice referred to in sub-paragraph (a) and the date on which the contracting entity entered into the concession contract.

Second ground for ineffectiveness

(7) The second ground for ineffectiveness applies if all of the following apply—

(a) the contracting entity has breached regulation 49(1) (notice of decision to award a concession contract), 50(1) (standstill period) or 53 (automatic suspension of authority power to proceed with concession contract award);

(b) the contracting entity’s breach referred to in sub-paragraph (a) prevented the economic operator from bringing proceedings or obtaining a remedy before the concession contract was entered into;

(c) in awarding the concession contract there has been another breach of the duty owed to the economic operator under these Regulations, other than a breach of regulations 49(1) (notice of decision to award a concession contract), 51(1) (standstill period) or this Part; and

(d) the contracting entity’s breach referred to in sub-paragraph (c) has affected the chances of the economic operator bringing proceedings under this Part to obtain the concession contract.

Textual Amendments

F12 Words in reg. 55(5) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Public Procurement etc. (EU Exit) (Scotland) (Amendment) Regulations 2020 (S.S.I. 2020/468), regs. 1(2), 8(30)(a) (with sch. paras. 1-5, 8)

F13 Reg. 55(6)(a) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Public Procurement etc. (EU Exit) (Scotland) (Amendment) Regulations 2020 (S.S.I. 2020/468), regs. 1(2), 8(30)(b) (with sch. paras. 1-5, 9)

F14 Words in reg. 55(6)(b) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Public Procurement etc. (EU Exit) (Scotland) (Amendment) Regulations 2020 (S.S.I. 2020/468), regs. 1(2), 8(30)(c) (with sch. paras. 1-5, 9)

Commencement Information

I5 Reg. 55 in force at 18.4.2016, see reg. 1(2)

Powers of the court S

56.—(1) If an ineffectiveness order is made, the court must, without prejudice to the other powers of the court—

(a) order the payment by the contracting entity of a financial penalty; and

(b) make such other order as the court considers appropriate to address the consequences of the ineffectiveness order on the rights and obligations of the parties to the concession contract.

(2) In the case of an order made under paragraph (1)(a), the court must have regard to the extent to which the concession contract will remain in effect in respect of the period leading up to the date of the ineffectiveness order.

(3) Before making an order under paragraph (1)(b), the court must have regard to any terms of the concession contract or relating to the rights and obligations of the parties should an ineffectiveness order be made in relation to the concession contract.

Commencement Information

I6 Reg. 56 in force at 18.4.2016, see reg. 1(2)

General interest grounds for not making a declaration of ineffectiveness S

57.—(1) The court may decline to make an ineffectiveness order if the court is satisfied that overriding reasons relating to a general interest require that the enforceability of the rights and obligations arising from the concession contract should be maintained.

(2) For the purposes of paragraph (1)—

(a) economic interests directly linked to the concession contract do not constitute overriding reasons relating to a general interest; and

(b) economic interests in the effectiveness of the concession contract may only be considered as overriding reasons relating to a general interest in exceptional circumstances where ineffectiveness would lead to disproportionate consequences.

(3) For the purposes of paragraph (2)(a), economic interests directly linked to the concession contract include the costs—

(a) resulting from the delay in the performance of the concession contract;

(b) resulting from the commencement of a new procurement;

(c) resulting from the change of the economic operator performing the concession contract; and

(d) of legal obligations resulting from an ineffectiveness order.

Commencement Information

I7 Reg. 57 in force at 18.4.2016, see reg. 1(2)

Other orders S

58.—(1) If the court declines to make an ineffectiveness order under regulation 57 (general interest grounds for not making a declaration of ineffectiveness), the court must, without prejudice to the other powers of the court, order—

(a) the payment by the contracting entity of a financial penalty; or

(b) the shortening of the duration of the concession contract.

(2) In determining what order to make under paragraph (1)(a), regulation 54(4) applies (powers and duties of the court).

(3) Regulation 54(5) and (6) (powers and duties of the court) applies to an order made under paragraph (1)(b) as it applies to an order made under regulation 54(3)(b).

Commencement Information

I8 Reg. 58 in force at 18.4.2016, see reg. 1(2)

Financial penalties S

59.—(1) Subject to paragraph (2), if a financial penalty is ordered to be paid under this Part—

(a) the order must state that the financial penalty must be paid to the Scottish Ministers; and

(b) the clerk of the court must send an extract of the decree (without charge) to the Scottish Ministers.

(2) Paragraph (1) does not apply to any financial penalty ordered to be paid by the Scottish Ministers or an office in the Scottish Administration which is not a ministerial office.

(3) The Scottish Ministers must pay into the Scottish Consolidated Fund any financial penalty—

(a) ordered to be paid by them under this Part; or

(b) recovered by them under paragraph (1).

(4) An office in the Scottish Administration which is not a ministerial office must pay any financial penalty ordered to be paid by them under this Part into the Scottish Consolidated Fund.

(5) In this regulation, “an office in the Scottish Administration which is not a ministerial office” is construed in accordance with section 126(8) of the Scotland Act 1998(2).

Commencement Information

I9 Reg. 59 in force at 18.4.2016, see reg. 1(2)

(1)

1947 c.44.

(2)

1998 c.46.